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Computes g_i' Sigma_1pl g_i for each response pattern, where g_i is the (J+1)-dimensional gradient of the ability estimate with respect to (a_shared, d_1, ..., d_J) and Sigma_1pl is the sandwich covariance from vcov_mixed_subjects_1pl().

Usage

ability_risk_1pl(
  resp,
  fit_or_pars,
  vcov = NULL,
  theta_true = NULL,
  bounds = c(-6, 6)
)

Arguments

resp

Target response matrix.

fit_or_pars

A "mixedsubjects_1pl_fit" object or item-parameter data frame.

vcov

Optional (J+1) × (J+1) covariance matrix. Required when fit_or_pars is not a fitted object.

theta_true

Optional true theta values for simulation studies.

bounds

Bounds passed to score_theta().

Value

A list with summary and per-pattern details, the same structure as ability_risk().